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农业剩余：中国现代化发展的瓶颈--对晚清时期中国农村经济的研究
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【英文标题】Agricultural Surplus：Bottleneck of Development of the Modernization of Chinese Agriculture
——A Research of the Chinese Rural Economv in the Late Oing Dvnastv
【内容提要】中国现代化启动的命题具有自身的特殊性，必须从传统中国社会、政治、经济的特征出发加以考察。通过对晚清的农业、商业的发展状况的分析，不难发现这时期的经济发展水平无法提供足够的农业剩余，来推动现代化的进程；另一方面，中国传统的政治统治形态也无法提供必要的政府支持，以完成中国的现代化转化。中国现代化启动的艰巨性是结构性的。
【摘 要 题】近代经济史研究
【英文摘要】As the issue of the beginning of Chinas modemization has its own unique characteristics， it must be approached from the features of traditional Chinese society， politics and economy. Through an analysis of the agricultural and commercial development in the late Qing Dynasty， it is not difficult to see that， at the economic development level， it was impossible to Provide enough agricultural surplus to promote modernization.On the other hand， the traditional mode of Chinese political rule could not afford necessarv government support to bring about the transformation of Chinas moderntion. The difficulty in starting Chinese modernization was structural.
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