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论易儒道交融的中国古代和谐美思想
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摘要：中国古代美学属于古典主义美学，在美的形态上主张和谐美。这同儒道两家的哲学思想、伦理思想和美学思想的互相离异和互相吸收密切相关。从儒家早期的经典文本《周易》和先秦儒家各大流派的相关论述中可以看到，儒家偏重人的哲学，突出人的主动性，着眼于人对社会的认识，强调善与美的统一。而从老子到庄子的道家学派代表人物的相关言论中则可以看出，道家则偏重于自然哲学，突出自然的合规律性，着眼于人对自然的认识，强调真与美的统一。儒道两家各有偏重又相互补充，相反相成地融合为共同的和谐美的思想。
关键词：周易；儒家；道家；和谐；古典主义美学
On the thought of beauty of harmony in traditional Chinese aesthetics integrating Confucianism, Daoism and Yi
——Simultaneously on the fusion of Confucianism, Daoism and Yi
Abstract: As a classical aesthetics, traditional Chinese aesthetics emphasizes the beauty of harmoniousness. This is closely related to the mutual separation and mutual taking in between Confucianism and Daoism in philosophical, moral, and aesthetic thoughts. By Zhouyi, an early Confucian classical text, and certain discourses of each Confucian branch in pre-Qin times, it can be seen that Confucianism lays particular stress on human, gives prominence to the initiative spirit of human, and focuses on human knowledge of the society to emphasize the unification of goodness and beauty. By certain discourses of the representative figures from Lao zi to Zhuang zi, it can be seen that Daoism lays particular stress on natural philosophy, gives prominence to the norms of nature, and focuses on human knowledge of the nature to emphasize the unification of truth and beauty. Confucianism and Daoism oppose and complement each other, and fuse into the thought of beauty of harmony.
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