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“《易林》几与《三百篇》并为四言诗矩矱”——钱钟书论《易林》述评
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摘要：当代学人尊之“文化昆仑”的钱钟书先生，对汉代焦延寿《易林》给予诗学意义上的极高评价：称与《诗经》“并为四言诗之矩 矱”。《管锥编》立《焦氏易林》专题，论述《乾》、《坤》……《未济》等三十林，涉及林辞数百篇。先生慧眼独具，对所论及篇、句的文学价值，从“造境寓意”、“拟象变象”、“词令之妙”等方面作细致分析，纵横比较、中外沟通，使《易林》的文学意义凸显于两汉文学背景之上，亦为中国文学史之奇葩。但钱先生以“文本自足”观认为不必为《易林》姓焦姓崔“判儿猫之是非”，本文对此提出异议。
关键词：焦延寿；易林；诗经；钱钟书
An account and comment on QIAN Zhong-shus views on Yi Lin
Abstract: Mr. QIAN Zhong-shu, venerated as the Mount Kunlun of culture by modern literary scholars, had highly praised Yi Lin written by JIAO Yan-shou of the Han Dynasty in the sense of poetry: It could almost be respected, like the Book of Poetry, as a model formulating the four-character poem rules. In his writing of Guan Zui Bian, Mr. QIAN arranged a special subject of JIAOs Yi Lin and accounted 30 sets of the 64 hexagrams, relating hundreds of four-character lines of verses. Departing from the aspects of creating circumstances with metaphors, proposing and transforming images, wonderfulness of wordchoice, and comparing vertically and horizontally, Mr. QIAN made a painstaking analysis on its literary value, making Yi Lins literary sense outstanding on the literary background of the Han Dynasty. But Mr. QIAN, viewing “Yi Lin from textual selfsufficiency”, held that it was unnecessary to clarify whether the author of Yi Lin was JIAO Yan-shou or CUI Tuan. To this, this paper raised an objection.
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