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《周氏太极图》原图考
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摘要：本文以朱震所列周敦颐《太极图》“动阳”二字的标注为突破口，对比杨甲《六经图》、《道藏·周易图》所列及朱熹改造等诸流变图，结合周敦颐《太极图易说》及《易通》的文字叙述，考证了周敦颐《太极图》的原貌。笔者认为，对《周氏太极图》的考辨，应从其“流变”入手，进而求得其图之原貌，然后方可进入考证其图之来源。文中指出：周敦颐以太极为一气，主太极有动静而生阳生阴之说，而朱熹则以太极为一理，而“理不会自动静”，动静只是阴阳自身之动静，出于建立其理学系统的需要，便有意对杨甲所列《周氏太极图》进行了改造。于是，通过比较二人太极观之不同，便可从中分辨《太极图》原图与改造图之间的差别，从而分析其二人各自的理学思想。
关键词：周敦颐；太极图；太极图说
A textual research on ZHOU Dun-yis original Tai ji Diagram
Abstract: Taking the two words of “dong yang” (moving Yang) in ZHOU Dun-yi’s Tai ji Diagram illustrated by ZHU Zhen as a breakthrough point, comparing it with YANG Jias Liu jing Diagram, diagrams of Zhouyi illustrated in Dao Zang (Library of Works Concerning Daoism), and that transformed by ZHU Xi, as well as with reference to certain narrations in ZHOU Dunyi’s Tai ji tu yi shuo and Yi Tong, this paper makes a textual research on the original state of ZHOU’s Tai ji Diagram. The author holds that, to discriminate ZHOU’s Tai ji Diagram, we should take approach to it from its evolutions, and then further restore it to its original state, and finally search for its origin. The paper points out that, ZHOU Dun-yi regards Tai ji as a Qi and asserts Tai ji can produce Yin and Yang through motionlessness and moving, while ZHU Xi considers Tai ji as an Idea and “Idea could not be able to move or keep still by itself”, and moving and stillness are caused by Yin-yang itself. To establish the system of Idea, ZHU Xi intentionally transformed ZHOU Tai ji Diagram illustrated by YANG Jia. And thus through comparing the differences between their views on Tai ji, we could discriminate the differences between the original and transformed diagrams, to respectively analyze the thoughts of Idea.Key words: ZHOU Dun-yi; Tai ji Diagram; Tai ji tu shuo
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