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自然科学的经验基础与解释学
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自然科学的经验基础与解释学
发布时间： 2003-9-25 作者：秩名
摘要：经验与陈述的关系并非归纳或演绎的逻辑关系，因此科学的经验基础就构成一个难题。仅仅把科学看作命题体系的观点不能解决这个难题，同时经验主义的平台也不能提供任何通道。科学本质上是一种实践活动，惟有语用学和解释学的平台才能为这个难题提供解决方案。科学的实践性、公共性、主体间性、情境性为理解库恩的范式理论提供了线索：自然科学具有解释学的基础。劳斯进一步主张：自然科学本身就是解释学的事业，科学是不断重构的叙事。科学的解释学与客观主义形成对立，而这并不必然使科学滑入相对主义。伯恩斯坦提出了超越客观主义与相对主义的方案：解释学本身就为这种超越提供了资源，解释学循环恰恰对科学范式的开放性提出了要求。
Abstraction: The connection between experience and proposition is not logical, that is, neither reduction nor deduction. Then the empirical base of nature science becomes a problem. It can not be resolved by regarding nature sciences as a proposition system. In addition, the empiricist platform can not give any approach. Science is essentially a practice, and only the platform offered by Pragmatics and Hermeneutics can point out an approach. The introduction of practicality, community, intersubjectivity and context provides a clew for understanding of Kuhn's paradigm theory：natural scienc e has a hermeneutic base. J.Rouse has gone farther: natural science is itself a hermeneutic enterprise, and it is a narrative being reconstructed constantly. Hermeneutics of science is opposed to objectivism of science, which does not necessarily slide into relativism. Bernstein has offered a project to transcend objectivism and relativism: Hermeneutics itself provides the resources for this transcending, and, so to speak, hermeneutic circle precisely calls the openness of paradigms of science.
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