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城市化对住宅建筑空调负荷的影响
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Effects of urbanization on cooling load of residential buildings
摘要
城市化产生热岛效应。利用CTTC（建筑群热常数）模型对城市化后的建筑群温度进行模拟计算，把计算结果作为室外计算温度，对一普通住宅建筑空调负荷进行了计算，并与根据气象台提供的室外温度计算出来的冷热负荷进行比较。结果表明，夏季冷负荷受城市化影响较大，当无室内发热量时，采用气象台提供的气象数计算出的夏季冷负荷比按小区温度计算的低10%～35%；而冬季热负荷受城市化影响不大，二者差别不到10%。
关键词：城市化 空调负荷 住宅建筑 热岛效应
Abstract
Urbanization causes temperature difference between urban and rural areas. Using the CTTC model to simulate temperature of an urban building group. The temperature was used to calculate the cooling heating load instead of temperature measured at the local meteorological station as outdoor design temperature. It is shown for an ordinary residential building that the calculated cooling load is about 10 to 35 percent with the temperature of an urban building group than that with the outdoor temperature from the local meteorological station. But the difference of heating load between them is less than 10 percent.
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