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水平和垂直遮阳方式对北京地区西窗和南窗遮阳效果的分析
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Optimum overhang and vertical shading device dimensions
for energy saving in Beijing
摘要：
窗口外遮阳是改善住宅夏季室内热环境、降低空调能耗的一个重要措施，但太阳辐射对于冬季室内热环境却是非常有利的，因此，外窗遮阳设计要平衡冬、夏季对太阳辐射的不同需求。本文以平均遮阳系数作为衡量遮阳效果的指标，选择北京地区的西窗和南窗为研究对象，针对水平和垂直遮阳两种方式，定量分析了遮阳板的安装位置和构造尺寸对冬夏季遮阳效果的影响程度。并在综合考虑冬夏季不同需求的基础上，给出了遮阳板合理的安装位置和构造尺寸的推荐值。
关键词：平均遮阳系数：冬、夏季；水平遮阳；垂直遮阳
Abstract:
The application of overhangs or vertical-shading devices over windows is an important method to ameliorate the indoor environments and reduce the energy consumption of air-conditioning in summer. However, solar heat gains are beneficial to the indoor environments in winter. In the design of exfernal shading devices, different requirements for solar heat gains in the hot season and cold season should be taken into account. In view of southward and northward fenestrations in Beijing, this paper presents quantitative analyses to the prediction of instantaneous irradiance on the shaded face at every tilt and azimuth during winter or summer. And average shading coefficients in winter or in summer have been selected for evaluating shading effects in different seasons. Optimal configuration dimensions of horizontal and vertical shading devices are recommended on the basis of different requirements for solar heat gains in winter and in summer.
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