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太阳辐射下建筑外微气候的实验研究--建筑外表面温度分布及气流特征
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STUDY ON SOLAR RADIATION EFFECTS ON THE MICROCLIMATE
OF BUILDING ENVELOPE：THE CHARACTERISTICS OF
EXTERNAL SURFACE TEMPERATURE AND AIRFLOW
摘要：
通过一段时间内对某栋典型多层板楼建筑外微气候相关参数的监测，总结其规律如下：1）在太阳强辐射时间内，不同朝向的外墙外表面温度随高度分布的情况不同，西向外墙表面温度随高度变化幅度最大，其外表面垂直温度的最大温差一般可在2℃以上，标准偏差约在0.6℃以上；2）多数时间内（主要为下午2点左右至次日凌晨），西墙外表面温度以1层最高；3）建筑热外表面可产生诱导上升热气流。并在综合分析了了如太阳辐射、对流换热等影响因素不同作用效果的基础上给出了合理的解释。
关键词：微气候；建筑；太阳辐射；长波辐射；温度分布；辐照度
Abstract:
In this study, the external microclimate parameters of a typical multistoried building were measured during a period of time. Time results could be concluded as follows: 1) During the sunshine period, the vertical distribution of external surface temperature on different orientations of buildings differs from one another, and the max discrepancy of vertical temperature appears on the external surface of west oriented wall, whose max differences of the vertical temperature are above 2℃ and the standard deviation of the temperature is above 0.6℃; 2) Most of the time (from 2 p.m. to the next dawn),the external surface temperature of the lowest floor wall faced west is higher than others; 3) The rising of induced airflow on the buildings heated external surface has been examined. Based on the combined analysis of different affecting factors such as solar radiation, long wave radiation and convection, a reasonable explanation is presented.
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