| | | 论乡土景观及其对现代景观设计的意义
| | 园林毕业论文 摘要:本文探讨了乡土景观的园林毕业论文含义,论述了解读乡土景观对现代景观设计的园林毕业论文意义。提出乡土景观是指当地人为了生活而采取的对自然过程和土地及土地上的空间及格局的适应方式,是此时此地人的生活方式和价值观在大地上的投影。因此乡土景观是包含土地及土地上的城镇、聚落、民居、寺庙等在内的地域综合体。这种乡土景观反映了人与自然、人与人及人与神之间的关系。乡土景观的这种理解包含几个核心的关键词:即,它是适应于当地自然和土地的,它是当地人的,它是为了生存和生活的,三者缺一不可。这可以从乡土景观的主体、客体及相互关系方面来理解。 关键词:乡土景观 景观设计 平常景观 场所
Abstract:This paper discussed the meanings of vernacular landscapes and their implication to the design of modern landscape. It was argued that vernacular landscapes are shadows of human living styles and people's adaptation to both natural and cultural processes and pattern. Vernacular landscapes are complexes of land, human habitats on the land including villages、towns, cities, and places of spirits. The vernacular landscapes reflect the relationships between human beings, nature and Gods. The understanding of vernacular landscapes depends on the comprehension of three integral parts: the people as insiders, the relationships between and people and their landscape and the landscapes themselves. The study of vernacular landscape is valuable to moder landscape architects in that it provide insights to the living style and experience of the local people, it is a transition for the designer's attitudes from the self-centered design to the users oriented design.Let landscape architecture to develop from the sunconsciouness design and designer's egotism to an conscious approach in design for the users. Key words:vernacular landscape, landscape architecture, common landscape, place 引言 “乡土”是一个很寻常的主题,但学界对其正式的研究却只有几十年的历史。西方国家有关乡土景观的研究起步于20世纪四五十年代,它是建筑学和考古学携手并进发展的产物(Taylor, 1992)。很多研究都隶属于文化景观的范畴。我国学者对乡土景观的关注是20世纪80年代才开始的,到90年代研究队伍逐渐壮大。研究更倾向于对我国传统聚落,有关这方面的研究,主要有地理学、建筑学、文化人类学(民族学)和考古学等四个学科。西方乡土景观研究发展到今天,在内容上已经达到相当的广度和深度,方法上也百花齐放、异彩纷呈,事实上,乡土景观的研究在西方已经形成一个独立的学术领域,北京大学景观规划设计中心从1997年开始了乡土景观的研究,当时集中在云南和西藏等地,王志芳,孙鹏等多篇研究生论文就是在此背景下形成的(见王志芳,2001;孙鹏,2001)。
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