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桂花的品种分类研究
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摘要：本文探讨了桂花品种的起源、演化和品种分类原则，提出主要应根据花序类型、开花习性、花色、花型、子房发育状况等与观赏有关的生殖器官的特性进行品种分类，而营养器官的特性只宜作为品种分类的参考。将桂花品种分为2类4个品种群：以花序类型和开花习性为第一级标准分为四季桂类（含1个品种群，即四季桂品种群）和秋桂类，后者又以花色为第二级分类标准分为银桂、金桂和丹桂3个品种群。提出四季桂类比秋桂类原始；在秋桂类中又以银桂品种群较原始，而丹桂品种群最为进化。对已知品种进行了归类。
关键词：桂花；分类标准；起源和演化；品种分类系统
A Study On the Classification of Sweet Osmanthus Cultivars
Abstract: This paper deals with the origin, evolution and classification of sweet osmanthus cultivars. The characteristics of reproductive organs, such as inflorescence types, blossoming habits, flower colors, flower types, fertility or sterility of ovaries, are much more significant than those of vegetative organs, such as the size and shape of lamina, leaf margin and apex, petiole. So the former should be used as the first consideration in cultivars classification of sweet osmanthus, while the latter as a reference only. Using the inflorescence types and blossoming habits as the first criterion, and the flower colors as the second one, we proposed a system in which two divisions and four groups are recognized, namely, Fragrans Division (only 1 group, i.e., Fragrans Group) and Autumn Division (3 groups, i.e., Latifolius Group, Thunbergii Group and Aurantiacus Group). Fragrans Division is more primitive than Autumn Division, while the evolutionary sequence from primitive to advanced in Autumn Division is Latifolius Group, Thunbergii Group and Aurantiacus Group. Sixty-two cultivars found in China are classified according to the system.
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