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韩国农业在世界农业史上的意义与展望
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[摘 要]拥有七千年以上历史的韩国农业不仅影响了这个国家的经济发展和社会变迁，而且也影响着人民的物质生活和文化生活。韩国传统农业为人们提供了食物、健康和与环境友好相处的生活方式。随着眼2004年稻米市场的开放，这个国家的农业危机将更加严重。数年前由于大众趋于照搬西方的农业道路并且忽视了传统和环境方面的因素，韩国的农业陷入了困境。
[关键词]
The Significance of Korean Agriculture, Its Value and Prospective
Abstract：Korean agriculture which has a history of over 7,000 years has greatly influenced not only on its economic development and social change, but on the people’s lives and culture. Korea’s traditional agriculture has provided its population with food, health and an environment-friendly way of living. While the crisis in the nation’s agricultural industry will become worse with the opening of its rice market in 2004, the hardship in the nation began years ago with the popular trend to copy the western way of farming and ignore the traditional and environmental attributes. What is serious is that the impact from these does not end with local farmers, as abandoning Korean agriculture is to go far beyond the industry itself in the future. The new agricultural policies adopted after the launch of the WTO have caused the combined farming based on harmony between paddies and dry fields to virtually disappear: Soil fertility has also fallen. While there is a surplus in rice production, the economy is dependent on imports for beans and wheat. Concerns are being raised about wheat flour mixed with chemicals and genetically modified beans. The national self-sufficiency in grains has plummeted, whereas none of the positive effects of globalization is yet to be realized. True international competitiveness can be obtained only when we evaluate the situation from an objective point of view. The demand for a uniform adoption of western farming practices without giving due consideration to different environments and cultures is far from wise. Nevertheless, the New Round negotiations scheduled to start this year attempt to think of agriculture as a quantitative product. In this regard, we must strive to restore the traditional environmental-friendly viewpoint of Korea’s agriculture. Each unique tradition of farming must be respected as intangible assets. All those concerned need to take the initiative to evaluate what the globalization has brought to the agriculture’s intrinsic values, and whether the merits of diversity and safety can be maintained in the matter of agriculture. The globalization of agriculture is a significant development, but consideration must be also given to the biodiversity in individual regions. In conclusion, it is crucial that the future of Korean agriculture should not be decided only by political and commercial considerations, lest we should endanger the health and prosperity of our nation.
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