| | | 心理支持对新兵心理适应能力的影响
| | 免费小论文 作者：李权超，罗功林，陈星伟，杨阳,兰学文，金日飞
【关键词】 神经行为学表现
Effects of psychological support on physiological and mental adaptation in recruits
【Abstract】 AIM: To explore the effects of psychological support on mental adaptation in recruits. METHODS: The psychological support, composed of psychological education, psychological training, mental counseling and working environment improvement, was applied to 200 recruits of the study group, and another 200 recruits was used control group. The effect was assessed with PSET (Psychological Stress Selfevaluation Test), SAS (Selfrating Anxiety Scale), SDS (Selfrating Depression Scale) and the rate of military training injury. RESULTS: With psychological support, the neurobehavioral functions composed of emotional status, attention/response speed, manual dexterity, perceptualmotor speed, visual perception/memory improved significantly in the study group compared with those in the control group, and the study group had lower score in PSET, SAS and SDS than control group, and also had lower rate of military training injury. CONCLUSION: The practical and systematic psychological support has significant effect on the mental adaptation of recruits.
【Keywords】 recruits; psychological support; neurobehavioral manifestation; adaptation; mental stress
【摘要】 目的免费小论文：研究针对新兵的免费小论文心理支持方法、措施，以提高新兵心理适应能力. 方法：从某部抽取400名新兵分为实验组和对照组，通过开展心理教育、心理训练、心理咨询、改善生活环境等多种形式的心理支持，采用军人心理应激自评问卷、焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表和军训伤发生率等指标，测试新兵心理适应能力改善情况. 结果：实验组与对照组新兵比较，情感状态、注意力/反应速度、手工操作敏捷度、感知运动速度、视感知/记忆力等神经行为功能明显改善，心理应激强度、焦虑和抑郁水平明显降低，军训伤发生率显著下降. 结论：新兵入伍后及时开展有针对性和系统性的心理支持，是提高新兵心理适应能力、降低心理应激水平的有效途径.
【关键词】 新兵；心理支持；神经行为学表现；适应能力；心理应激
近年来，有关新兵适应能力的调查发现，入伍应激可导致新兵心理压力增大，负性情绪增多，自我效能降低，最终表现为心身健康水平下降［1,2］.因此，探索简便、实用、易推广的心理支持模式，以及时调整新兵的心态，减轻各种不良心理应激反应，已成为军事医学心理学领域研究的热点之一. 本研究从新兵的心理、生理和社会适应性特点出发，结合我军新兵训练内容改革的实际情况，开展了一系列有针对性的心理支持，有效地增强了新兵自我调适和适应军营环境的能力，现将研究结果报道如下.
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