| | | 室内环境空气中VOCs及醛酮类污染调查
| | 免费毕业论文【关键词】 甲醛；丙酮；乙醛；挥发性有机物(VOCs)；室内空气污染；动态趋势
摘要： 目的免费毕业论文 调查新建校舍室内空气中挥发性有机化学物质(VOCs)和甲醛(HCHO)等醛酮类化学物质污染现状，探讨污染的免费毕业论文动态变化和危险性。方法 以气相色谱-质谱法分析室内空气中VOCs污染水平，应用高效液相色谱法(HLPC)法检测空气中醛酮类物质，以观察污染的变化趋势。结果 3种用途校舍使用初期，室内空气中13项VOCs指标均有不同程度检出，其中甲苯污染为主，占检出VOCs的90%以上，最高达3044μg/m3。室内空气中醛酮类物质呈多态样变化，甲醛污染水平以8月最高(230μg/m3)，1年后降至使用初期的60%，呈伴时间推移逐渐降低的趋势，甲醛的释放与室温变化呈正相关(r＞06410，P＜001，n＝13)；使用初期室内空气中丙酮和乙醛最高污染浓度分别为669和134μg/m3；1年后降至52和49μg/m3以下。结论 校舍使用初期室内空气中VOCs和醛酮类污染普遍存在。空气中甲醛随使用时间的延长呈现伴夏季升高的螺旋样下降趋势；丙酮和乙醛呈波浪样下降；VOCs的污染水平使用初期最高，但下降较快，1个月后至初始的1/10～1/20。
关键词：甲醛；丙酮；乙醛；挥发性有机物(VOCs)；室内空气污染；动态趋势
Study no indoor air pollution by VOCs and aldehyde ketones
Abstract：Objective To investigate the pollutional status of VOCs,HCHO,acteone and acetaldeyde in indoor air of newlybuilt,research the dynamic trend and the risk of indoor pollution.Methods To analyze the concentration of VOCs in indoor air by GC-MS/SIM and aldehyde ketones by HLPC.Results 13 chemicals of VOCs were detected at outset using in 3 newlybuilt rooms,among which more than 90% was toluene,the highest level was 3044μg/m3.The concentration of aldehyde ketones in indoor air showed diverse change;the highest concentration of HCHO went up to 230μg/m3 in August in classroom,and lowered to 60% after one year.The dynamic trend was detected that the concentration of HCHO dropped gradually follow along with the time;also the pollutional level of HCHO and room temperature revealed a positive correlation(r>06410，P<001，n=13).The concentration of acetone and acetaldehyde decreased from 669 and to 52 and 49μg/m3 respectively after one year.Conclusion The pollution of VOCs and aldehyde ketones in indoor air is ubiquity in newly-built.HCHO drops spirally along with the time,and but with transitory rises in summer,acetone and acetaldehyde decreases wavily.After a month VOCs lowers to 1/10～1/20 of outset quickly.
Keywords：formaldehyde(HCHO);acetone;acetaldehyde;volatile organic compounds(VOCs);indoor air pollution;dynamic trend
当前，室内空气污染问题已经成为国际上关注的环境问题之一。20世纪80年代始，新建装修居舍和写字楼的使用者，相继出现头晕、头痛、咳嗽、平衡感觉失调，流泪、眼、鼻、咽喉不适，以及频发的黏膜、皮肤和呼吸系统等多种临床症状，称之为病态建筑症候群(sick building syndronme,SBS)或病态居室症候群(sick house syndrome,SHS)〔1〕。由于涂装材料、杀虫剂、芳香剂等的广泛应用，致室内空气化学物质污染日益严重；节能建筑的高气闭性和换气不足，使室内空气污染加重〔2-4〕。资料提示：室内空气污染物浓度多为室外的２～５倍，甚至可高达100多倍〔5，6〕；室内空气污染物种类多、来源、影响因素复杂，已构成对人类健康的危害。虽然，对于甲醛(formaldehyde,HCHO)为代表醛酮类化学物质和挥发性有机化学物质(volatile organic compounds,VOCs)研究时有报道，但对此长期动态研究的报道相对较少。作者利用某新校舍使用之际，对不同用途室内空气中醛酮类(aldehyde etones)化学物质〔甲醛、丙酮(acetone),乙醛(acetaldehyde)〕和VOCs污染，实施动态变化检测。
|
| | |
| | | | <<<<<全文未完>>>>> 全文字数约$$$zishu$$$字 | |
| | |
| |
|
教育论文中心