| | | 牛磺酸对大鼠视网膜超微结构损伤保护作用
| | 临床医学检验论文【关键词】 ,牛磺酸；N
摘要： 目的临床医学检验论文 观察牛磺酸对N甲基D天冬氨酸(NmethylDaspartate，NMDA)兴奋毒性引起的临床医学检验论文大鼠视网膜组织结构及超微结构损伤的保护作用。方法 在大鼠玻璃体腔内每眼注射5μl 4mmol/L NMDA造成视网膜兴奋毒性损伤模型，20只成年雄性SD大鼠随机分为4组：正常对照组；NMDA组；NMDA+牛磺酸干预组(腹腔注射25mg/kg牛磺酸)；磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)对照组。玻璃体注射后第4d，测量视网膜总厚度及内层厚度并用透射电镜观察视网膜超微结构。结果 NMDA使大鼠视网膜总厚度尤其是视网膜内层厚度变薄(P＜0001)，超微结构显示内核层及节细胞层神经元发生变性改变，25mg/kg牛磺酸干预可有效保护视网膜组织结构，削弱NMDA引起的视网膜超微结构损伤。结论 牛磺酸在体内可有效保护NMDA引起的视网膜组织结构及超微结构损伤。
关键词： 牛磺酸；N甲基D天冬氨酸；兴奋毒性；视网膜；超微结构
Protective effects of taurine against retinal ultrastructural damage on rats
Abstract： Objective To observe whether taurine has protective effects against NmethylDaspartate (NMDA)induced excitototxicity,especially in retinal histo pathological structure and ultrastructure in rat.Methods A rat model of retinal excitotoxicity injury induced by intravitreal injection of 5μl 4mmol/L NMDA in one eye.Twenty adult male SpragueDawley rats were divided into four groups:normal control,intravitreal injection of PBS control,NMDA group,NMDA injection and taurine treated group (intraperitoneal injection with 25mg/kg taurine).At the 4th d of intravitreal injection,the retinal damage was evaluated by measurement of the thickness of whole retina and inner retinal layer,and observation of retinal ultrastructure.Results After injection of NMDA,the overall thickness of retina were reduced (P＜0001),especially in inner retinal layer (P＜0001)compared to controls.Degenerative changes were observed in neural cells of inner nuclear layer and ganglion cells layer by electron microscopy.These damages can be prevented by 25mg/kg taurine effectively.Conclusion Taurine treatment can effectively prevent the damage of NMDAinduced retinal histopathological structure and ultrastructure in rat.
Key words： taurine;NmethylDaspartate(NMDA);excitotoxicity;retina;ultrastructure
兴奋性氨基酸(EAA)引起的兴奋毒性是糖尿病视网膜病变〔1〕、青光眼、视网膜变性等疾病的视网膜神经元损伤及死亡的主要机制之一。体内研究表明，视网膜的兴奋毒性主要由N甲基D天冬氨酸(NmethylDaspartate,NMDA)受体介导〔2〕。牛磺酸(Taurine)是视网膜含量最丰富的游离氨基酸，近年来发现，牛磺酸可以保护培养的小脑颗粒细胞对抗兴奋毒性损伤〔3〕。本实验通过在大鼠玻璃体内注射NMDA制备视网膜兴奋毒性损伤模型，观察牛磺酸对NMDA诱导的视网膜组织结构及超微结构损伤的保护作用。
1 材料与方法
11 实验动物及视网膜NMDA兴奋毒性损伤动物模型的建立 成年雄性SpragueDawley大鼠20只，体质量200～250g(第三军医大学野战外科研究所实验动物中心)，实验动物质量合格证号：SCXK(军)2002008。大鼠腹腔注射速眠新注射液01ml/100g(长春军需大学兽医研究所)麻醉，5%托品酰胺散瞳，1%利多卡因进行角膜表面麻醉，用微量注射器从颞上方巩膜距角膜缘外3mm处进针，见针尖到达玻璃体中后部后，缓慢注入5μl 4mmol/L的NMDA〔2〕。洁霉素滴眼预防感染。眼瞎大鼠弃去。
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