| | | 农村社区居民吸烟及影响因素分析
| | 药学大专毕业论文【关键词】 吸烟;农村社区;流行病学调查 摘要: 目的药学大专毕业论文 探讨农村社区居民吸烟的药学大专毕业论文影响因素,为开展控烟教育及行为干预提供依据。方法 采用横断面问卷调查方式,对江苏省常州市武进区18岁以上常住居民进行吸烟行为流行病学调查。结果 该区18岁以上常住人群总吸烟率为300%,男性吸烟率为684%,远高于女性的17%;男性40~50岁组吸烟率最高为754%,<30岁组吸烟率最低为457%。在男性中,农民吸烟率最高(700%),家务劳作者最低(261%);吸烟者中,25岁前开始吸烟者占760%,每天吸烟10支以上者占885%,戒烟成功率为141%,被动吸烟率为717%。结论 目前苏南农村社区居民的吸烟状况不容乐观,应大力开展控烟的宣教及吸烟相关因素的干预活动。 关键词: 吸烟;农村社区;流行病学调查 Epidemiological survey on smoking pattern of residents in rural community Abstract: Objective To investigate the smoking pattern of residents in Changzhou city,south of Jiangsu Province.Methods A cross-sectional study of smoking were carried out in over 20,000 persons aged 18 years and elder.Results The general prevalence rate of smoking was 30.0%,and smoking rate of male (68.4%) was much higher than that of female (1.7%).Male group aged 30 years or younger group had the lowest rate (45.7%),and 40~50 years group had the highest smoking rate (75.4%);farmers had the highest smoking rate (70.0%) and house workers had the lowest rate (26.1%).76.0% of the smokers started to smoke before 25 years old.88.5% of the smokers consumed much more 10 cigarettes per day.The quitting rate of smoking was 26.8% and 14.1% of them succeeded in giving up smoking.The passive smoking rate was 71.7%.Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen health education for reducing the harm of tobacco in the rural area of Jiangsu Province. Key words: smoking;rural community;epidemiological survey 中国是世界上烟草生产和消费量最大的国家,分别占到全球总量的1/3以上。目前全国约有35亿吸烟者,占全世界吸烟者总人数的1/4以上〔1〕。为了解苏南经济较发达地区农村常住居民的吸烟状况,为农村控烟工作和健康教育提供理论依据,我们于2004~2005年在江苏省常州市武进疾病监测区进行大样本的吸烟行为流行病学现况调查。结果报告如下。 1 对象与方法 11 对象 采取整群随机抽样方法,选取江苏省常州市武进区5个乡镇的部分村庄(每个乡镇2个村庄)为调查点,以调查点中在当地居住时间超过5年≥18岁的常住居民为对象,共调查21075人,调查率为884%;剔除漏项和缺项等无效调查表,获有效问卷20734人,有效率为984%。 12 方法 调查内容:性别、年龄、文化、婚姻、职业、经济等一般情况、吸烟、饮酒等个人嗜好情况等。吸烟者、被动吸烟者、总吸烟率、戒烟者和戒烟成功率等均按WHO的标准定义确定。吸烟者:一生中每天吸烟,连续至少6个月者;被动吸烟者:吸入吸烟者呼出的烟雾,每天15min以上或每周1d以上者;总吸烟率:吸烟者在总人群中的百分比;戒烟者:每天吸烟连续至少6个月,但调查时已不再吸烟者。戒烟成功的比例:戒烟成功者占吸烟者的百分构成。
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