| | | 外周导入中心静脉置管术在新生儿监护
| | 整体护理论文 外周导入中心静脉置管术在新生儿监护 病房的整体护理论文应用 刘红 李克华 刘靖媛 李耿 李云娟 摘要 目的整体护理论文 介绍新生儿监护病房开展外周导入中心静脉置管术(picc)在42例的应用经验。方法 选用法国vygon公司生产的epicutaneo-cave-catheter,从上肢的浅静脉穿刺将导管置于上腔静脉。结果 将picc技术用于新生儿,尤其是早产儿取得了较好的效果。平均留置导管时间11天,31例顺利完成治疗。该技术操作较其他中心静脉置管术简单,容易固定和护理,术中无一例出现合并症。本组4例在带管期间有继发感染。结论 picc是一种安全可靠的深静脉置管术,操作较简单,值得临床应用。 关键词 婴儿,新生 导管插入术,中心静脉 application of peripherally inserted central catheter in nicu liu hong,li kehua,liu jingyuan,et al. beijing children′s hospital,capital university of medical sciences,beijing 100045 abstract objective forty-two cases with the peripherally inserted central catheters (picc) in neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) were analysed.methods the epicutaneo-cave-catheter produced by vygon company,france,was used.the puncture was performed at the superficial vein on the upper arm and the catheter tip was inserted deeply into the vein.results the picc technique has been applied effectively to newborn babies,especially premature infants.four of 42 cases developed seconday infections during the catheter-retaining period.conclusion picc showed to be a safe and reliable central venous system catheterization.compared with other central venous catheterization,picc seems to be relatively simple to operate,easier to fix and take care,and to have less complications.the authors suggest that picc may be widely used in clinical practice. key words infant,newborn catheterization,central venous 开放静脉是新生儿监护病房的主要医疗手段之一。以往常用周围静脉,虽然操作简单,易于护理,但难以长久保留,输入液体的渗透压亦受到限制,反复穿刺对患儿刺激大,尤其在一些极低出生体重儿,难以找到可供穿刺的血管。而经锁骨下静脉或颈内静脉做中心静脉穿刺在新生儿,尤其是早产儿,在操作和固定方面都较困难,护理难度大,易发生合并症[1,2]。我病房自1995年10月~1998年7月开展了外周导入中心静脉置管(peripherally inserted central catheter,picc)技术,由于是从外周静脉穿刺,操作固定和护理均较容易,合并症少,又能长期保留,在做全静脉营养时能够输注较高浓度的葡萄糖。经过近3年42例的使用,取得了较好的效果。 临床资料 一、病例选择 患有呼吸窘迫综合征、肺出血、坏死性小肠结肠炎、重症肺炎、缺氧缺血性脑病、硬肿症等各种疾病和外科疾病(先天性十二指肠狭窄和先天性膈疝)术后需要部分或完全胃肠外营养1周以上的患儿共42例。早产儿35例,足月儿7例;胎龄最小27周;出生体重最小1 000 g,极低出生体重儿20例。做picc日龄<7天30例,~14天7例,>14天5例。
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