| | | 聚硅酸氯化铝絮凝剂的研制及性能研究
| | 给水排水设计论文
摘要：聚硅酸氯化铝(PASC)是一种新型的给水排水设计论文无机高分子絮凝剂。其研究思路是，带负电的给水排水设计论文聚硅酸具有较高的相对分子质量，对水体中的胶体颗粒具有很强的吸附能力；而铝盐在水中可以水解形成系列带正电的荷的水解羟基铝离子，具有较强的电中和能力。将二者复合成一种产品，可使其成为同时具有电中和作用及吸附架桥能力的无机高分子混凝剂。
关键词：聚硅酸氯化铝(PASC) COD 絮凝剂 印染废水；
Determined its best
preparation senate element is: SiO2%=2.0%, AL/Si =1.5, pH= 4-5, the
temperature, the stirs time and the intensity respectively is: 70oC,
60min, 1000r/min. To printing and dye the treatment of the waste water, the
experimental result indicates , the most suitable operation parameter is: Throw
it with measuring 255mg/l, PH =8. 100r/Min stirs 5min. Best COD except rate is
65.22%, the best turbidity except rate is 99.39%. Compares the
polymerization aluminum chloride (PAC) COD removeing rate is 54.54%, best
turbidity removeing rate is 99.12%, its flocculation effect fairly good,
the cost is lower than PAC. Has the certain significance to the actual
water treatment
Study on
the Preparation and Flocculating Performance Polysilicic-Aluminum Chloride
Students: Zou Wei yangtz
university of chemistry and environmental project institute,
counselor: Dai Jie,
chemistry of university of the Changjiang River and environmental project
institute.
Abstact: Polysilicic-Aluminum chloride (PASC) is a new
type macromolecule of flocculants, Its research mentality is, belt negative electricity gathers the silicic acid to have the higher
relativemolecular mass, has the very strong adsorptive capacity to in thewater
body colloid pellet; But the aluminum salt may the hydrolisis form series belt positive electricity Holland in the water the hydrolisis hydroxy-aluminium
ion, has in a stronger electricity and the ability. Duplicate synthesizes
one kind of product the two, may cause it to become simultaneously has the
electricity neutralization and the adsorption bridging ability inorganic high
polymer flocculating agent. This experiment applies the sodium silicate, the
aluminum chloride makes under the certain condition gathers the silicic acid
aluminum chloride (PASC). And to its
stability, SiO2% content,AL/A Si mole of ratio, the PH value, stir the time and
the intensity carries on the research analysis, carries on the decolorization
to the printing waste water, eliminates , except the COD processing, the experimental
result indicated, most is suitable the operationparameter is: Throws increment
2.5ml/200ml, PH=8, 100r/Min stirs 5min. Best COD except rate is 65.22%, the
best turbidity except rate is 99.39% best chromaticity except rate is 98.53%. Compares
the similar flocculant polymerization aluminum chloride (PAC) its flocculation
effect fairly good, certain aspects must surpass PAC, the cost are lower
than PAC. Has the certain significance to the actual water treatment.
Key words: Polysilicic-Aluminum chloride (PASC); COD；flocculant; Printing wastewater
1. 前 言：
聚硅酸盐是近年来发展起来的一类新型的无机高分子絮凝剂，它是在活化硅酸及传统的铝盐﹑铁盐等无机絮凝剂的基础上发展起来的聚硅酸与金属盐的复合物，用于废水处理时，同时具有电中和作用和吸附架桥作用，因而絮凝效果较好。且其原料来源广泛，价格低廉，安全无毒，已成为目前国内外无机高分子絮凝剂研究领域内的一个热点[3]。
本实验主要研究影响聚硅酸氯化铝絮凝剂絮凝性能和稳定性的因素。为工业生产及应用提供可行性报告。
工业废水的处理方法有很多，有生化法﹑絮凝沉降法﹑电渗析法﹑离子交换法和化学氧化法等。其中絮凝沉降法是应用广，成本低的常用处理方法，它往往决定着后续流程的运行，最终出水质量和成本费用，是一种经济又简便的水处理技术[9]。而高效的絮凝沉降过程关键在于恰当的选择和投加性能优良的絮凝剂。
1.1絮凝沉降过程机理：
废水中所含的悬浮物和溶胶其大小在10-9～10-3m范围内。由于这些微粒不是以分子状态分散到介质水中的，所形成的体系仍具有很大的界面，属于热力学不稳定体系，但这些颗粒物自动聚集由小颗粒变成大颗粒从分散介质中沉淀出来的速率却很慢，其主要原因之一是悬浮物及溶胶表面是带电的，由于颗粒间同性电相斥而不相互聚集。投加絮凝剂是悬浮体或溶胶聚集与介质分开。这种处理叫絮凝分离。絮凝过程分为两个部分：一，凝聚作用：在胶体体系中添加化学药剂，使溶胶相互接触脱稳而聚结成一定粒径的聚集体；二，絮凝作用：已经脱稳的聚集体由于碰撞、化学沉积、共同沉淀等作用进一步聚集成絮状体（矾花），成为可借重力下降的粒子。
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