(1-Sch. of Municipal &
Environ.Engin,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090

2- Water Research Institute ，Shenzhen Water Group，Shenzhen
518001)
　　Abstract: In all the problems in water supply, the remove of Chironomus larva (red
worm) from drinking water has become one of the most important, and it is very
difficult to effectively remove by conventional methods. So in order to deal
with the problem, both the living habit and distribution of Chironomus larva in
the water treatment system and the methods in removing Chironomus larva at
present were introduced in this article. Meanwhile, the relationship between
its physiological characteristic and environmental factors was demonstrated.
Also the research status、advantage and limitation of different methods in the remove of Chironomus
larva were analyzed systematically and some scientific tendencies were
prospected. It was suggested that enhancing the management to the raw water and
optimizing the drinking water treatment processes were the feasible ways to
effectively control the pollution.
　　Key word: water treatment; chironomus larva; prevention
　　摇蚊幼虫（红虫）大量孳生是由于水体污染导致的富营养化而变得日益突出的困扰供水界的新问题。摇蚊幼虫的抗氧化性较强，常规水处理的消毒工艺难以将其有效地杀灭，使得在我国一些大中城市的水厂清水池乃至管网水中都曾发现过摇蚊幼虫。在我国南方一些城市，由于气候具有常年温暖潮湿的特征，适于昆虫繁殖，问题更加突出。摇蚊幼虫不仅给用户带来了不良的感官影响，引起用户对水质信心的下降与恐慌，更为重要的是摇蚊幼虫还是人类多种传染疾病的传播媒介，对居民的饮用水安全带来极大的威胁。
1.摇蚊幼虫的生活习性及分布
　　摇蚊分属昆虫双翅目摇蚊科^[1]，由于身体内含有血红蛋白而成红色。摇蚊的生活史经过卵—幼虫—蛹—成虫四个阶段。有的两年只有一个世代，有的一年却有七个世代，但大多数每年有两个世代，第一个在春季（5~6月），第二个在夏季（8~9月）。