| | | 微生物处理机油污染废水研究
| | 环境化学论文 摘 要：从油污土壤中筛选分离出两株高效机油降解菌ZL1，ZL2。初步鉴定为黄杆菌属和微球菌属。通过生长条件正交试验测定了温度、油含量和pH值对其降解能力的环境化学论文影响。在废水较高油浓度下进行了降解能力试验，试验表明：经2d左右时间ZL1，ZL2菌对于初始油质量浓度为270mg／L培养液的环境化学论文去除率分别达到67.9％和76.2％，其中ZL2菌对油含量和pH值有较广的适应范围。
关键词：机油；含油废水；废水处理；微生物降解；黄杆菌属；微球菌属 Key Words: lubricating oil; oil-containing wastewater; wastewater treatment; microorganism; flavobacteri-un; micrococcus
An Experimental Study on Microbiological Treatment of Lubricating Oil-Contaminated Water Abstract: Two strains of high-effective, lubricating oil degrading bacteria, ZL1 and ZL2, were screened out from oil-contaminated soil, which were preliminarily identified as flavobacteriun and tnicrococcus. The effects of temperature, oil content and pH value on their oil-degrading capacities were dletermined by orthogonal experiment of growth conditions. A degrading capacity experiment was carried out with an initial wastewater oil content of 270 mg/L. The experimental results showed that the oil removal rates by the strains ZL1 and ZL2 from the in-oculum in about 2 days were up to 67. 9% and 76. 2% respectively and the adaptation range of strain ZL2 to oil content and pH value was wider than that of ZL1.
近年来，国内外对石油及兵产品的微生物降解研究常见报道，却鲜见机油废水微生物降解方面的研究。本试验目的是通过常规微生物驯化方法，以市售机油为唯一碳源，从油污土壤中分离筛选出机油高效降解菌株，并对其生长条件及降解特性进行研究，以期进一步应用于含油污水的治理。
1 材料与方法
1．1 土壤样品
某石油库贮油罐附近的石油污染土壤，取样3份，按含油量由多至少编为1＃，2＃，3＃。
1．2 培养基
本试验选取两种无机基础培养基，（用蒸馏水配制并高压蒸气灭菌），编号分别为1＃，2＃，组成如下：
1＃基础培养基：p（KH2PO4）＝0.5g／L，ρ（K2HPO4）＝0.5g／L，P（MgSO4·7H2O）=0.2g／L，ρ（NaCl）=0.2g／L，p（CaCl2）＝0.1g／L，ρ（NH4NO3）＝1.0g／L，MnSO4痕量，FeCl3痕量。
2＃基础培养基：p（NaNO3）=2.0g／L，ρ（KH2O4）＝0．2g／L，ρ（MgSO4.7H2O）＝0.2g／L，ρ（酵母浸膏）＝1.0g／L．
含油培养基是向上述无机基础培养基中加入适量机油。固体培养基中加入质量分数为0．2％的琼脂。
1．3 优势菌筛分试验
1．3．1 选择富集培养
称取土样各10g，加入到500mL1＃含油培养基（含机油4mL）中，调pH值7.0，通气恒温30℃培养48h后，分别移取上述培养液5mL于45mL1＃，2＃含油培养基（含机油2mL）中，恒温30℃振荡培养。
1.3.2 平板分离
制作1＃，2＃固体含油培养基平板苦干，用接种环蘸取振荡培养较好的菌液在相应平板划线，恒温30℃培养48h后平板划线分离，重复数次。选择生长状况良好的菌株进行平板扩大培养。
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